Cell competition for neuron-derived trophic factor controls the turnover and lifespan of microglia

Authors: Tao Yu, Haoyue Kuang, Xiaohai Wu, Ying Huang, Jianzhong Wang, Zilong Wen

Published: 2023-06-16

DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf9790

Source: Full article


Abstract

Microglia are brain-resident macrophages capable of long-term maintenance through self-renewal. Yet the mechanism governing the turnover and lifespan of microglia remains unknown. In zebrafish, microglia arise from two sources, rostral blood island (RBI) and aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM). The RBI-derived microglia are born early but have a short lifespan and diminish in adulthood, while the AGM-derived microglia emerge later and are capable of long-term maintenance in adulthood. Here, we show that the attenuation of RBI microglia is due to their less competitiveness for neuron-derived interleukin-34 (Il34) caused by age-dependent decline of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor a (